Full Guide to Bypass Realme 12 Pro+ 5G FRP
Full Guide to Bypass Realme 12 Pro+ 5G FRP
I updated my Realme 12 Pro+ 5G to the latest Android, and now it’s stuck on FRP lock. I don’t know how to Bypass the Pixel FRP lock, which is annoying because I have to finish an assignment. How should I do it?
The FRP lock is one of Google’s security methods for Android devices. It keeps unapproved people from erasing your phone data. However, an update or unidentified issue may sometimes lock your phone without warning. Just like the case above, it can be an unpleasant experience. Therefore, this Realme 12 Pro+ 5G FRP bypass article will show you some ways to bypass it.
The Google FRP lock is not a new issue and can occur to almost any Android user. If you neglect to disable the Factory Reset Protection before a reset, Google will lock your phone. Therefore, you will have to bypass the Google account to resolve it.
Part 1: 3 Ways to Bypass Realme 12 Pro+ 5G FRP
1. Download FRP Bypass APK (OTG Cable Needed)
The use of OTG for bypassing the Google FRP lock on Realme 12 Pro+ 5G after a hard reset is a great technique to bypass the Google account lock.
Before we get to the guide, you need an Android OTG cable, fast Wi-Fi, and a PC.
If you do, follow these steps to start bypassing your Google account:
Step 1. Download the FRP bypass APK on your PC.
Step 2. Move (by copying) the APK document to your flash drive.
Step 3. Utilize the OTG cable to connect your Pixel phone and flash drive.
Step 4. Install the APK document on your Pixel device when the file manager application springs up.
Step 5. The phone Settings will presently be accessible for you to open.
Step 6. Look for and select the “Backup and Reset” choice.
Step 7. Select the “Factory Data Reset and then Reset everything from the phone. That will delete all the phone’s media files, settings, apps, and accounts.
Step 8. Your Pixel phone will reboot, and you won’t see the FRP lock.
2. Use Pin Lock Sim to Access Chrome
Step 1: Start the cycle by eliminating the SIM card from your Pixel device. Presently connect it to Wi-Fi.
Step 2: Insert the SIM card once more. Mistype your PIN code multiple times.
Step 3: You will be approached to give your PUK code straightaway. Continue to type wrong PUK numbers until the SIM card becomes unusable.
Step 4: Tap the padlock symbol on the lock screen to open another menu choice. You will see the warning setting choice at the top corner of the screen.
Step 5: Select the See All options. Search for the YouTube App and afterward go to Settings and open History and Privacy to access the Youtube ToS.
Step 6: This will open the Chrome Browser, where you select Accept and Continue. Then, at that point, pick Next > No Thanks.
Step 7: Find a dependable FRP bypass tool to unlock FRP on the program. Go to Security from Setting and open Pin Windows. Then use the Screen lock type to Unpin the SIM.
Step 8: Restart your device after setting up a PIN code. You can utilize your Pixel without marking into your underlying Google account.
Bonus Tip. Use Dr.Fone-Screen Unlock (For Other Android phones)
We have presented numerous FRP methods in this guide. Nonetheless, they might fail to tackle the issue some of the time. There is no question that a bypass tool will be a lot more straightforward and speedier. Therefore, we strongly recommend you use the Wondershare Dr.Fone Bypass FRP tool for a less complex and quicker strategy. Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android) is a speedy, easy-to-use FRP bypass for you to get rid of the Google issue. It lets you access your home screen once more. Here are the needed steps for bypassing the Google FRP lock:
Step 1: Open the software, connect your phone and PC and pick Screen Unlock. Then click on Screen Unlock > Android > Remove Google FRP Lock.
Step 2: Pick your device’s brand and click Start.
Step 3: Once you choose the Realme 12 Pro+ 5G device brand, Dr.Fone will commence the download of the necessary driver.
Step 4: After the download is complete, the procedure to eliminate the FRP lock will initiate, requiring a few minutes. Once the lock is successfully removed, tap Done to finalize the process.
safe & secure
Part 2: Definition of Realme 12 Pro+ 5G FRP
Factory Reset Protection (FRP) includes security on Android gadgets with OS Version 5.1 and higher. The FRP gives an underlying security highlight you can utilize that safeguards your gadget and data, including screen locks and data encryptions. The FRP automatically works once a Google account has been logged in on the phone. However, it will stop working when the Google account is removed from the Pixel phone preceding the Factory Data Reset. When the FRP has been enacted, it will not let others use your phone after a Factory Reset in an untrusted environment. It implies that the FRP Lock will come into play if your Pixel gets Factory Reset in an unrecognized way.
Part 3: Can factory reset really remove FRP?
To remove FRP, you must remove all Google accounts from your Pixel phone. After doing so, you can factory reset it to clear all your data. So technically, you need to remove all the accounts, and yes, a factory reset will work.
The Bottom Line
This Realme 12 Pro+ 5G FRP bypass article gives an insight into the methods you can use to remove the FRP lock. However, if you have a other Android brand phone, the best one of all methods is using Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android) . It delivers solutions for those who don’t know the OS variant of their phone. Its interface is easy to understand and has clear instructions. Moreover, bypassing the FRP lock is just a matter of a few minutes for it.
Hassle-Free Ways to Remove FRP Lock on Realme 12 Pro+ 5G Phones with/without a PC
“I just bought a used Realme device from the mobile market without checking the already signed in Google account, and I don’t even know what Gmail ID is added to this device, so I’m looking for FRP Realme bypass tools. Please help.” A user says so on Quora.
In all such and similar situations when you have authorized access to your Realme or any other Android device, but not the right Google credentials, the need for a tool that can bypass the lock arises. The content below will take you through these FRP bypass Realme tools.
Part 1. Can I Bypass Google Lock on Realme ?
Yes, the Google Lock on Realme can be bypassed using an FRP bypass tool. Although in case of theft and loss, the FRP lock is a great feature, but on the flip side, in a situation where you forget your Google credentials, the function can be more of a problem than of use. Additionally, if you have got a hand on a second-hand device having an FRP lock, then also you would be in trouble accessing the phone.
You can choose between tools without a computer as well as PC-based programs to bypass and remove the Google Account. Once the account is removed using the tools, the following will be the benefits.
- You will have complete access to your Realme device and its features.
- Once the lock is removed, it will completely de-link from the previous Google account and hence cannot be blocked or traced by the previous owner.
- You can permanently delete the Google account.
Part 2. How to Bypass Google Lock on Realme Without Computer? (30 Min & Free)
To remove the Realme FRP bypass without using a system, the EMERGENCY CALL method can be used. Though this method is free, it is lengthy and complicated.
Steps for Realme FRP bypass without computer
- Step 1. Connect your Realme phone to a Wi-Fi and then switch it on for the HELLO screen to appear. Next, select the Emergency Call option and then click on Emergency Information two times.
- Step 2. On the Emergency Information page, tap on the Pencil icon and Name. Next, click o the profile icon and select the option of changing an image.
- Step 3. Next click on Menu > Photos > Permissions. Click on the Contacts options and select See All apps with this permission.
- Step 4. Click on the Search > Settings> Settings App Info > Open. With this, you will enter the Settings section of the Realme 12 Pro+ 5G device, after which select Accessibility > Accessibility Menu and turn in On.
- Step 5. Go back to the settings and choose Apps & Notifications > App Info. The list of the app will appear, and now you will have to disable some apps for the FRP process.
- Step 6. Choose 3 dots > Show System Apps and then click on Android Setup > Force Stop > OK.
- Step 7. Using the Storage & Cache option, wipe off the Storage and the Cache. Click Disable > Disable App.
- Step 8. Next, click on the blue settings icon of Android Setup and click on Force Stop.
- Step 9. From the Android Setup, remove all the storage and the cache data. Next click on Google Play Services > Disable > Disable App.
- Step 10. Now you need to go to the main Hello homepage by clicking on the back arrow multiple times. Select the Start option and the Realme 12 Pro+ 5G device screen will start loading.
- Step 11. When the updates are being checked by the screen, go back to the Wi-Fi connection page.
- Step 12. Open the Shortcut Menu by swiping up from the bottom to the top using 2 fingers.
- Step 13. Click Assistant > Settings > Enable Google Play Services. Move back and select Skip > Continue.
- Step 14. Click on More > Accept.
- Step 15. At the Set Screen Lock, click Skip > Skip > OK > Accept & Continue and then go to the home screen.
- Step 16. Finally, to bypass google lock on Realme without pc, go to Settings > System > Advanced > Reset Option and here choose to Erase All Data options 3 times.
Part 3. How to Bypass Google Lock on Realme with Computer? (15 Min but Paid)
If you have access to a computer, Motoreaper is a decent Realme FRP tool for Realme FRP bypass with computer. Developed by the Phonlab team, Motoreaper is a Windows-based tool that works on the majority of Realme devices including Moto E, Moto X, Moto G, Droid Turbo, Droid Maxx2, and others.
Steps for Realme FRP bypass using Motoreaper
- Step 1. Download and install the Motoreaper software on your system and launch the same.
- Step 2. Now you need to get your Realme phone into bootloader mode and for this, you need to power off your device and then turn it on by pressing and holding the power and volume down buttons together for a few seconds.
- Step 3. Next, connect your phone to your PC using a USB cable and the software will successfully show the connected device.
- Step 4. Next, unplug your Realme phone and boot it into the factory model using the bootloader mode by pressing the power and volume down button. When the factory mode appears, use the power button to select it.
- Step 5. Now connect your phone again to your system and let it boot up completely. Next, click on the I have Done option.
- Step 6. Now your device is on the factory mode where you need to click on, the I Confirm option.
- Step 7. Next for Realme Google bypass, use debugging in your device and then tap on I confirm at Moto Rapersoftware.
- Step 8. The Unlock No button will appear in the Moto Reaper software which you have to click after which the Google bypass Realme process will be complete and the FRP lock will be removed.
Part 4. How to Unlock Realme Phone Passcode? (5 Min)
Besides FRP lock, the screen lock of your Android phones including Realme is one of the most common situations. So, if to have forgotten your screen lock code or have a device with a locked screen, the best tool we reconned is Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android) . This simple system-based software will let you remove all types of screen locks – PIN, password, pattern, as well as a fingerprint in a few simple and quick steps. The software is reliable and safe without causing any harm to your device.
Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android)
Get into Locked Realme within Minutes
- 5 screen lock types are available: pattern, PIN, password, fingerprints & Face ID.
- Easily remove the lock screen; No need to root your device.
- Everybody can handle it without any technical background.
- Provide specific removal solutions to promise good success rate
4,008,671 people have downloaded it
Step 1. Launch the installed software on your system and from the main page, choose the Screen Unlock option.
Step 2. Using a USB cable, connect your phone to your system and then select Unlock Android Screen option on the software interface.
- Step 3. From the supported list on the software interface, select Realme .
- Step 4. Your Realme phone will enter into a dedicated mode. Once in this mode, Dr.Fone will initiate the Realme screen unlock process.
- Step 5. When the process is complete, you can access your Realme device without any need for a password.
safe & secure
Conclusion
Realme FRP lock can be removed using the Emergency Call option or the above-mentioned Motoreaper tool. For removing any type of screen lock without password on your Android devices, Dr.Fone – Screen Unlock (Android) works as the best option.
Easy Guide How To Bypass Realme 12 Pro+ 5G FRP Android 10/11/12/13
Security measures have become increasingly robust nowadays to protect user data. One such security feature is Factory Reset Protection (FRP). This feature is designed to prevent unauthorized access to a device after a factory reset. FRP serves its purpose of safeguarding personal information. At times it can pose a challenge for users who find themselves locked out of their own devices.
This tutorial will guide you through a step-by-step Realme FRP bypass Android 10, 11, 12, and 13 processes. By following these instructions carefully, you’ll regain access to your Realme smartphone even if you’ve forgotten the associated Google account credentials.
Part 1: Basic Understanding of FRP
Before going after Realme FRP bypassing Android 12, it is important to understand what FRP is. Knowing what it is and how it works will help you bypass this lock. Factory Reset Protection (FRP) is a powerful security feature developed and implemented by Google for all Android smartphone companies. It works on Android devices starting from Android 5.1 Lollipop and above.
Working of FRP
The primary purpose of FRP is to prevent unauthorized access to a device after it has been factory reset. It acts as a safeguard against theft or misuse of personal data. Moreover, FRP ensures only the original owner can access the Realme 12 Pro+ 5G device data and applications. When FRP is enabled on an Android, it becomes tied to the Google account that was previously used on the Realme 12 Pro+ 5G device.
After a factory reset, the Realme 12 Pro+ 5G device will need the user to enter the Google account credentials. It is the same account associated with the Realme 12 Pro+ 5G device. This prevents someone who doesn’t know the account details from gaining access to the Realme 12 Pro+ 5G device.
Significance of FRP
FRP plays a crucial role in protecting personal data stored on Android devices. It acts as a strong deterrent against unauthorized access. This ensures that the data remains inaccessible even if a device falls into the wrong hands. This security measure is particularly important in cases of device theft or loss. It helps prevent sensitive information from being accessed by unauthorized individuals.
By implementing FRP, Google aims to enhance the overall security of Android devices. This also greatly helps in protecting user privacy. It adds an additional layer of protection for your device. FRP makes it more difficult for unauthorized users to bypass the Realme 12 Pro+ 5G device’s security measures.
Part 2. Preparing for FRP Bypass
It is crucial to make sure you’re prepared before you go after the Realme FRP bypass the Android 13. This section will guide you through the essential steps to ensure a successful bypass process. Following these measures will reduce the chances of encountering any obstacles. So, let’s get started by taking care of a few key aspects before proceeding with the FRP bypass.
Ensuring Device Compatibility
First, verify that your Realme smartphone is running one of the supported Android versions, specifically Android 11, 12, or 13. This tutorial is specifically tailored to these versions. Attempting to bypass FRP on incompatible devices may lead to unexpected results. Confirming device compatibility will ensure that the provided instructions are relevant. It will also ensure the given instructions are applicable to your specific situation.
Backup Important Data
Backing up data can be possible even in this case; however, you should not have factory reset your Realme before backing up your data. This is because the FRP lock gets enabled after factory resetting the Realme 12 Pro+ 5G device. While using your Realme with a Google account logged in, you will have to take the services of a third-party tool.
Wondershare Dr.Fone – Phone Backup turns out to be an assistance in this case. The service can be utilized to back up all necessary data before the FRP lock is removed from the Vivo.
Charging the Realme 12 Pro+ 5G device Adequately
Ensure that your phone has enough charge to avoid any complications during the FRP bypass process. It is recommended to charge your Realme device to at least 50%. The ideal way is to connect it to a power source during the procedure. This will prevent any unexpected shutdowns that could potentially disrupt the bypass process.
Connecting to Stable Internet
A stable and reliable internet connection is crucial for a successful FRP bypass. Ensure your phone is connected to a secure Wi-Fi network or stable cellular data connection. A strong internet connection is required to download necessary files or tools during the FRP bypass process. By ensuring a stable connection, you’ll avoid potential delays or complications.
Part 3. Method 1: Using Official Google Account
The FRP lock on your Realme smartphone is directly linked to your Google account. The reason you find yourself in this situation is due to the inability to recall your Google account password. However, there is a solution — by recovering your Google account, you can successfully bypass the FRP lock.
This process will only work if you at least remember the Gmail ID. Follow the straightforward steps provided below to reset your Google account password:
- Step 1: Access the Google Sign-in page on your computer using a web browser. Enter your Google account email address. When asked for the password to add, proceed with the “Forget Password” option.
- Step 2: To verify your identity, utilize the phone number or recovery email associated with your Google account. You will receive a verification code on the phone number or recovery email. Once received, enter the code provided.
- Step 3: After completing the verification process, you can create a new password for your Google account. Take note that it may take approximately 24 hours for Google to synchronize the new password across all your devices. Once the new password has been synced, you can sign into your Google account on your Realme smartphone, successfully bypassing the FRP lock.
Part 4. Method 2: Using FRP Bypass Tools
One way to Realme Y20 FRP bypass Android 12 is to use a specialized FRP bypass tool. Among the various tools available, we highly recommend using Wondershare Dr.Fone . It is a reputable and reliable tool for FRP bypass on Android devices from all major brands. These include over 15 brands with 2000+ Android devices where Dr.Fone can do its magic.
Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android)
Bypass Realme Google FRP in a Flash
- Pattern, PIN, password, fingerprints & face screen lock can all be unlocked.
- Bypass Android FRP lock without a PIN or Google account.
- Unlock mainstream Android brands like Samsung, Vivo, Xiaomi, etc.
- No tech knowledge required, Simple, click-through, process.
3,981,454 people have downloaded it
Wondershare Dr.Fone is trusted by users worldwide for its effectiveness in bypassing FRP locks. With its intuitive interface and comprehensive features, Dr.Fone simplifies the bypassing process. Its compatibility with Android 10, 11, or 12 Realme devices makes it an ideal choice. Following are the detailed steps to Realme FRP bypass the Android 11 process:
- Step 1: Navigate To Remove Google FRP Lock in Wondershare Dr.Fone
Install the latest Wondershare Dr.Fone phone toolkit from the official website on your computer and launch it. Now move the “Toolbox” tab and go for “Screen Unlock”. As Realme is an Android brand, on the next screen, click “Android”. Among the various available option for screen unlocking, choose “Remove Google FRP Lock”.
- Step 2: Choose Realme As the Brand
The next step is to choose the targeted phone brand, which in this case is “Vivo”. After selecting the brand, click “Start”. It will begin the process of downloading the related driver for Realme FRP bypassing.
- Step 3: Complete the Realme FRP Bypassing Process
After downloading the driver, move to your Realme smartphone and turn it off. Connect the turned-off device to the computer while pressing both volume keys for at least 3 seconds. It will kickstart the Realme FRP bypassing process , which will take a few minutes.
safe & secure
Part 5. Method 3: Contacting Realme Support
In specific scenarios, all methods at hand can be unsuccessful in Realme FRP bypassing Android 12. Here contacting Realme Support can be a viable option to bypass FRP on your Realme smartphone. This section will discuss when it is appropriate to consider contacting Realme Support. Moreover, it will discuss the available support channels and the steps to follow when seeking their help.
When to Consider Contacting Realme Support
You may consider contacting Realme Support in the following situations:
- If you have exhausted all other methods and cannot bypass FRP on your Realme device.
- If you need specialized help or guidance from Vivo’s technical team.
- If you encounter any difficulties or issues during the FRP bypass process. Now you need expert help to resolve them.
Available Options for Realme Support Channels
Realme offers various support channels to cater to the needs of its users. These channels typically include:
- Official Realme Website: Visit the official Realme website and navigate to the support section. Here, you can access resources such as FAQs, user manuals, and troubleshooting guides.
- Customer Support Hotline: Contact the Realme customer support hotline to speak with a representative. They will be able to provide guidance and help over the phone.
- Email Support: Send an email to Vivo’s support team detailing your issue and request for help. They will respond to your inquiry accordingly.
- Live Chat: Realme websites offer a live chat feature where you can interact with a support agent in real time.
Steps To Follow When Seeking Help From Realme Support
When contacting Realme Support for FRP bypass help, follow these general steps:
- Prepare Necessary Details: Before reaching out, gather essential information about your device. These include the model number, IMEI, and a brief description of the FRP bypass issue you are facing.
- Choose a Support Channel: Select the most convenient support channel based on your preferences. It can be the hotline, email, or live chat.
- Provide Accurate Information: Clearly describe your situation, including the steps you have already taken. You should also mention the methods you have attempted to bypass FRP.
- Follow the Instructions: Listen carefully to the guidance provided by the Realme Support representative. Moreover, follow the instructions provided via email or live chat.
- Provide the Required Information or Documents: If requested by Realme Support, provide any necessary information or documents. You will need such documents to prove your ownership of the Realme 12 Pro+ 5G device.
You might also interest:
_ The Complete Guide to Unlock Mi Account Without Password _
_ Ultimate Guide to Bypass FRP with PC _
_ Complete Method: How to bypass Xiaomi FRP _
Part 6. Troubleshooting and Tips
You may encounter certain issues or errors during the FRP bypass process on your Realme device. This section will address some common problems that users may face and provide ways to help you resolve them:
Common Issues and Their Solutions
Before we lead into an assessment of the tips that one can follow to avoid issues with their Realme FRP bypass process, it is necessary to guide users with the problems involving the process. However, along with the issues, all the required solutions are associated with them.
1. Faulty USB Connection
During the bypass process, your computer may fail to detect your Realme device when connected via USB.
Solution: Ensure your Realme device is properly connected to your computer via a USB cable. Moreover, try using a different laptop port or USB cable but confirm it is original to fix any connection-related issues.
2. Device Compatibility Issue
The FRP bypass tool you are using may not be compatible with your specific Realme device model or Android version.
Solution: Confirm that the FRP bypass tool you are using supports your Realme device model and the specific Android version installed on your device. Consider trying an alternative tool if compatibility issues persist.
3. Retry Bypass Methods
The bypass method you have chosen may not be successful in bypassing FRP on your device.
Solution: Attempt the process again by following the instructions meticulously. Double-check that you have entered the correct information and followed each step accurately.
4. Network Connectivity Problems
Instability in your internet can cause issues with the downloading or verification process. As a result, your attempt to bypass FRP fails.
Solution: Ensure you have a stable and high-speed internet connection to avoid interruptions during the FRP bypass. If not, try switching to a different network, such as taking a mobile hotspot from your family member or friend. You can also reset your network settings if connectivity issues persist.
General Tips for a Successful FRP Bypass Process
To increase the likelihood of a successful FRP bypass on your Realme device, consider the following general tips:
1. Research and Understand the Method
Familiarize yourself with the Viva Y20 FRP bypass Android 12 method you intend to use. Read tutorials, watch videos, and gather information. Ensure that you have a clear understanding of the instructions involved for your selected methods to perform successfully.
2. Ensure Device Compatibility
Verify that the FRP bypass method or tool you plan to use is compatible with your specific Realme device. It should be compatible with the model and the Android version it is running. Using incompatible methods can lead to errors and unsuccessful bypass attempts.
3. Follow the Instructions Carefully
Pay close attention to each step of the Realme FRP bypass Android 13 process. Follow the instructions precisely. At times even a minor mistake can hinder the success of the bypass.
4. Stable Internet Connection
Ensure that you have a stable internet connection throughout the FRP bypass process. A stable connection is necessary for downloading required files or using online FRP bypass tools.
5. Seek Professional Help If Needed
If you encounter difficulties during the FRP bypass process, consider seeking professional help. You can seek help from authorized service centers or contact Realme Support. They can provide guidance and help troubleshoot any issues you may face.
Conclusion
To conclude, we have explored various methods and tools to assist you in Realme FRP bypassing Android 12. Throughout the journey, one tool has stood out as a reliable solution: Wondershare Dr.Fone. Regarding FRP bypass, Dr.Fone - Screen Unlock (Android) has proven to be a top choice for Realme devices. It is compatible with a range of Realme models and Android versions.
This makes Dr.Fone an excellent option for a hassle-free bypass experience. Dr.Fone provides step-by-step instructions for the FRP bypass process. It ensures that you are guided through each stage of the bypass procedure.
Also read:
- [New] 2024 Approved How to Upload a Video to TikTok From Mac or PC
- [New] In 2024, Introduction to Soft-Starting Sounds in Audition
- [New] Top Picks of External SSDs for Xbox Gaming for 2024
- [Updated] 2024 Approved Viacom’s Top 10 Screen Recorder Software
- 5 Quick Methods to Bypass Samsung Galaxy XCover 6 Pro Tactical Edition FRP
- A Detailed Pokemon Go PvP Tier List to Make you a Pro Trainer For Apple iPhone 11 Pro Max | Dr.fone
- Accelerated Sizing YouTube Content for MACs
- Expert Strategies for Seamless Green Screening in KineMaster for 2024
- How to Bypass FRP on Realme Narzo 60 Pro 5G?
- In 2024, How Can We Bypass Lava Blaze Pro 5G FRP?
- In 2024, How To Bypass Realme GT 5 (240W) FRP In 3 Different Ways
- In 2024, Is GSM Flasher ADB Legit? Full Review To Bypass Your Realme C67 5G Phone FRP Lock
- In 2024, Ultimate Guide on Oppo Find N3 Flip FRP Bypass
- Top 15 Sites Y Platfonas De Transmisión Para Jugadores Serios
- Ultimate Guide from Motorola G24 Power FRP Bypass
- Title: Full Guide to Bypass Realme 12 Pro+ 5G FRP
- Author: Liam
- Created at : 2024-10-16 16:45:53
- Updated at : 2024-10-20 16:02:39
- Link: https://android-frp.techidaily.com/full-guide-to-bypass-realme-12-proplus-5g-frp-by-drfone-android/
- License: This work is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.